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Showing posts with label 1962 war. Show all posts
Showing posts with label 1962 war. Show all posts

Top 5 Indian army Heroes and their Extra Ordinary Tales of Bravery

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Saturday, 25 July 2020

Far from home and loved ones, these heroes sacrifice their own lives so the entire nation can sleep in peace. The stories of their courage and passion are larger than life. They are legends whose tales will not just make your chests swell with pride, but whose sacrifices will leave your eyes a little moist. They are all heroes, each and every one of them. But there are a few whose stories have become the stuff of legends, stories that deserve to be shared and told over and over again before. 


 Indian army Heroes 

5.RIFLEMAN JASWANT SINGH RAWAT 

Top 5 Indian army Heroes and their Extra Ordinary Tales of Bravery

A Hero Of the Indo-China war, Rifleman Jaswant Singh Rawat of the 4th Garhwal Rifles Infantry Regiment is the only soldier in the history of the Indian Army who has risen through the ranks after his death. He was ‘promoted’ to the rank of Major General 40 years after his death, and is still believed to ‘command’ troops guarding India’s eastern frontiers with China. 

During the 1962 war, soldiers were orderedto vacate their posts as soon as possible due to heavy casualties against the Chinese at the Battle of Nuranang. But Jaswant did not leave his position and continued to fight even after the other soldiers had left. Rawat was helped by two Monpa tribal girls named Sela and Nura. 

The trio set up weapons at separate points and maintained a volume of fire to make the Chinese believe they were facing a huge battalion. Rawat successfully managed to fool them for three days. But the Chinese found out about the set up through a man who used to supply rations to Rawat and the two girls. At this point, Rawat chose to shoot himself rather than be captured by the Chinese forces. 

The Chinese were so furious on learning that they had been fighting a single soldier all this time that they cut off Rawat’s head and carried it back to China. The post that Rawat held to repulse the Chinese troops has been renamed Jaswant Garh in recognition of his courage.


4.SUBEDAR YOGENDRA SINGH YADAV 

SUBEDAR YOGENDRA SINGH YADAV
SUBEDAR YOGENDRA SINGH YADAV

This brave soldier has the high honor of being the youngest recipient of the Param Vir Chakra. He received this award at the age of 19 for his actions on July 4,1999, during the Kargil war. Born in 1980 in Aurangabad Ahir village, UttarPradesh. 


SUBEDAR YOGENDRA SINGH YADAV volunteered for the task of capturing three strategic bunkers on Tiger Hill, which were situated at the top of a vertical, snow-covered,16,500 feet high cliff face. He was climbing the high cliff with the help of a rope when the enemy bunker started rocket fire. Yadav was hit by three bullets in his groin and shoulder. Despite being severely injured, Yadav kept climbing and finished the remaining 6 0 feet to reach the top of the cliff. Though in immense pain, Yadav crawled to the first enemy bunker and lobbed a grenade, which killed four Pakistani soldiers and set back the enemy fire. 


This gave the rest of the Indian platoon the opportunity to climb up the cliff face. However, this was not it. Yadav continued to fight and destroyed the second bunker too with the help of two fellow soldiers. 

In fact, he also engaged in hand-to-hand combat with the enemy and killed four more Pakistani soldiers. By the time the rest of the Indian platoon arrived, Yadav had already neutralized the enemy attack. This gave Indian soldiers the upper hand and they managed to accomplish one of the toughest missions of the Kargil war – the capture of Tiger Hill. During the second part of the fight, a few more bullets hit Yadav. Some say he was hit by 16 bullets, some sayless, but he survived it all. Yadav’s heroic actions were portrayed in the film, Lakshya, by actor Hrithik Roshan. 


 3.BRIGADIER MOHAMMAD USMAN 

BRIGADIER MOHAMMAD USMAN
BRIGADIER MOHAMMAD USMAN

Brigadier Mohammad Usman was Born in Bibipur, Uttar Pradesh, this man of steel joined the Indian army in 1934. During the Indo-Pakistan war of 1947/48, Brigadier Usman repulsed a fierce attack on Naushera and Jhangar, two highly strategic locations in Jammu and Kashmir, and was named by his fellow soldiers ‘The Lion of Naushera.’ At the time of the Partition, he was made the offer of becoming the Chief of the Pakistani Army but he chose to stay in India. 

He left the Baloch regiment of Pakistan and was inducted into the Dogra regiment in India. After the Battle of Naushera, where the Pakistani suffered heavy casualties at his hands, the same country that had courted him to become the chief of the army, now went ahead and placed prize money of Rs. 50,000 on his head. 

Brigadier Usman was not just a fierce soldier but also a compassionate man. He never got married and used to donate a large part of his salary to support poor children and pay for their education. This inspiring and exemplary officer of the Indian Army died on July 3, 1948, defending Jhangar. His last words were, “I am dying but let not the territory we were fighting for fall to the enemy.” He was awarded the Maha Vir Chakra posthumously for his great courage and leadership. 


2.MAJOR GENERAL IAN CARDOZO

Major General Ian Cardozo, who has many achievements to his name, will always be known for his immense courage in the 1971 war with Pakistan. He was, at the time, a young major with 5 Gorkha Rifles. During the war, he stepped on a landmine and severely injured his leg. 

When even the doctor could not cut his leg,Cardozo asked for a khukri and cut his own leg off, saying, “Now go and bury it!” The incident did not deter Cardozo from going on to serve his country. Through sheer will power and determination, he continued to perform his duties as a soldier and became the first disabled officer in the indian Army to command an infantry battalion and a brigade. 

In spite of not being physically at par with  officers, he defeated many ‘two-legged’ soldiers to come first in many fitness tests during his stint in the army. 


1.CAPTAIN VIKRAM BATRA 

Captain Vikram Batra was Born in Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, Captain Vikram Batra of 13 J&K Rifles, is known as the hero of the Kargil war. He led one of the toughest war operations in Kashmir and was also called Sher Shah. 

He was instrumental in recapturing Peak 5140, which is located at an altitude of 17,000 feet. During this mission, Batra was seriously injured but still managed to kill three enemy soldiers in close combat. After capturing Peak 5140, he went on yet another difficult mission to recapture Peak 4875.

On July 7, 1999. Batra made a call to his father before he left and told him about the crucial mission. Hardly did he know that this would be his last call home. It was one of the most difficult missions the Indian army attempted because the Pakistani forces were sitting above the peak at 16,000 feet and the climb gradient was 80 degrees. 

On their way up, one of Batra’s fellow officers was severely injured. Batra set out to save him. When a subedar tried to help him save the officer, Batra pushed him aside, saying, “You have children, step aside.” He saved his fellow soldier but was killed while clearing enemy positions. Batra’s last words were “Jai Mata Di.” 

So, these were our picks for Top 5 Indian army Heroes and Their Extra Ordinary Tales of Bravery. Did we miss any ? Comment down below. 

Ravindra Kaushik RAW Agent ( Black Tiger) Age, Wife, son

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Saturday, 20 June 2020

Who is Ravindra Kaushik

Ravindra Kaushik was the real-life spy known by "Black tiger" (The title “Black Tiger" was given by India’s then home minister S.B. Chavan.) who famous for espionage in Pakistan between 1975–1983.

"If you know the enemy and know yourself, you need not fear the result of a hundred battles."

Personal Life of Ravindra Kaushik

Date of birth

-11 April 1952 
Date of Death

-2001 (49 Year)
Birth Place

-Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India
School

-Government School in Sri Ganganagar Rajasthan
College-BCom from SD Bhani College in Sri Ganganagar Rajasthan
University

-LLB from University of Karachi
Hobbies

-Acting, Watching Films
Ravindra Kaushik Wife

-Amanat (Pakistan)
Ravindra Kaushik son-Son - Areeb Ahmed Khan

Ravindra Kaushik son
Ravindra Kaushik son

Ravindra Kaushik Father

-JM Kaushik (Indian Airforce)
Ravindra Kaushik Mother

-Amladevi
Ravindra Kaushik Siblings
-Brother - Rajeshwarnath Kaushik 
-Sister - Name Unknown

Career

Agency-Research and Analysis Wing (RAW)
Joining
-1973
Other Name-Nabi Ahmad Shakir, Black Tiger
Known For-Indian SPY


Earlier life of Ravindra Kaushik

Ravindra Kaushik Born and brought up in Sriganganagar, a border town in Rajasthan, After his schooling, he attended a private college, SD Bihani College, in Sri Ganganagar. While in college, Ravindra developed a skill for acting and started participating in plays and dramas. Once, he was performing in a play in Lucknow, he was approached by a RAW Officer to join RAW. Ravindra accepted it and join the RAW. After completing his graduation in Commerce, he went to Delhi. During his training, he had to learn Urdu and the customs of Pakistan. 

Ravindra Kaushik: Raw secret agent

Real Tiger

In 1975, Kaushik was sent to Pakistan on a mission. He converted to Islam and given the name "Nabi Ahmed Shakir". To show him a pure Muslim, Sunnat (circumcision) was also performed on Kaushik. In Pakistan he took admission to Karachi University and completed his LLB, Ravindra Kaushik was inducted into the Pakistan Army where he became an Auditor in the Military Accounts Department of Pakistan Army. He becomes a Major. Ravindra Kaushik soon came into the contact with Amanat, they got married and later they have a son Areeb Ahmed Khan who died. In 2012-2013.

Ravindra Kaushik| strange Military Stories
Ravindra Kaushik

In 1979, he carried out major operations, Upto 1983, Kaushik transmitted several valuable information (Atomic plants, Army reforms) to  RAW.

It was all going well with Kaushik until 1983 when his cover was inadvertently blown out by another Indian agent called Inayat Masiha; who was a low-level operative and soon caught by Pakistan as he was crossing the border. During interrogation, Inayat Masiha broke down and revealed his purpose. He identified Black Tiger and Kaushik was arrested immediately on charges of espionage. At that time, Kaushik was 29-year-old. Kaushik was then captured, tortured for two years at an interrogation center in Sialkot. 

Why did India not claim the body of Ravindra Kaushik?

In 1985, Kaushik was awarded the death sentence. However, in 1990, it was converted into the life-term. He was kept in various jails in Pakistan including Sialkot and Kot Lakhpat; where he spent the last 18 years of his life.


He had spent 26 years of his life away from his family and home in unfavorable conditions. He was buried behind the Central Jail in Multan. During his imprisonment, Kaushik secretly sent out half a dozen letters to his family; telling them of the barbarism he was subjected to. In a letter, he asked:

Kya Bharat jaise bade desh ke liye kurbani dene waalon ko yahi milta hai?”

In another letter, just three days before his death, Ravindra Kaushik wrote a bitter note:


Had I been an American, I would have been out of this jail in three days.”


Since 1987, Ravindra Kaushik's younger brother, Rajeshwarnath Kaushik, and his mother, Amladevi, had written several letters to various Indian officials to rescue Ravindra Kaushik from Pakistan. However, they couldn’t get help from any of them. His mother, Amladevi, had also written a letter to the then Indian Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee, in which she wrote-

Had he not been exposed, Kaushik would have been a senior army officer of the Pakistan government by now and (continued in) the coming years (serving India secretly).”

Facts about Ravindra Kaushik

  1. Ravindra Kaushik is also named Black Tiger and he is a powerful Raw agent being a raw agent in Pakistan.
  2. Ravindra Kaushik was caught by the Pakistan army and left his last breathe in Pakistan jail at the age of 23.
  3. Ravindra Kaushik joined in Indian  Intelligence agent and he came in front to go to Pakistan as a spy while others refused it he changes his name to Nabi Ahmed Shakir and learned Urdu and turned as a  Muslim and went to Pakistan.
  4. Ravindra Kaushik did Law course at a university in Pakistan and joined the Pakistan army and changed to the Islamic religion.
  5. Ravindra Kaushik also married a Pakistani girl and gives the information to the Indian Army from 1979 to 1983 he gave the information to India as a Raw agent every time when Pakistan made the attempt plans on India he used to send the information to India unfortunately he was caught to the Pakistan army by the mistake of another secret agent even his wife don't know he is an Indian raw agent.
  6. After he was caught he was kept in jail for 16 years and forced him for Indian secrets even he didn't say any secrets of India and honored as an Indian Black tiger Up to his death.
  7. Ravindra Kaushik believed that the Indian government will save him but he died with Tuberculosis.

Biography of Ravindra Kaushik in Hindi

China Standoff : Importance of Pangong Tso Lake and Galwan Valley , China's presence in Ladakh

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Tuesday, 26 May 2020

Why in news: China has erected around 100 tents around Pangong Tso lake and Galwan Valley from 5 may 2020 and brought in heavy equipment for construction of bunkers.Indian troops are also resorting to aggressive patrolling in sensetive areas.Mediation of America between India China dispute.
                     Pangong tso lake 

The images circulating on social media are of Ngari Gunda airport in Tibet ,which is around 200 kilometres from Pangong tso lake.

For now top commanders of Indian army have reviewed the situation along LAC .

History of Aksai chin and 1962 war

The British and Tibet signed the Simla Agreement in 1914, where Henry McMahon promo the drawing of borders according to a plan.the McMahon Line was drawn to demarcate borders. However, all Chinese government subsequently till date have refused to accept the Simla Agreement. The McMahon Line demarcated the Eastern Indo-Tibet border but there was no such frontier in the West in 1947. India continued to claim Aksai Chin as a part of India in the Western Sector despite having no administrative or military presence in Aksai Chin. China used the Aksai Chin territory, which was a part of Dogra kingdom in Kashmir, in 1950 to invade Tibet.
Further, in 1953, India consolidated its position in the Eastern Sector by controlling Tawang, which was a territory south of the McMahon Line.


After the Panchsheel Agreement in 1954, the Ministry of external affairs was informed of the need to have a new map with Aksai Chin in Western Sector declared as a part of India and in the Eastern Sector along McMahon Line. However, the new maps were not to have references to any line and ensure that India left no undemarcated territory.

In 1957 China established a road in Aksai Chin. This road was vital to take infrastructural equipment and logistics from PLA to Tibet. As this road was established, it created a storm. In 1960, Zhou told Nehru that China would give up its claims on Arunachal if India gives up claim on the Western Sector.Nehru rejected the proposal, aggravating Zhou's fear that India wants to undermine China's control of Tibet.
From 1961 ,nehru began to encourage Indian troops to go up to high altitude and assert their claim.finally Chinese retaliated aggressively in October 1962 in eastern sector almost upto bhramhputra plain.after a month Chinese declared ceased fire and maintain status quo.

      Disputed area between India and China

Kautilya's Arthashastra in 1948 and 1962 war

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Thursday, 14 May 2020

We know how Kautilya's Arthashastra was used by Chandragupta Maurya to defeat Nanda and also to stop the advancement of Alexander, leading to the formation of a united India. Kautilya has explained state priorities and economic conditions and has propounded that the power of the state rests on seven Prakriti, and if any one of the seven Prakriti is weak the state is fragile. We need to understand the contemporary security environment by applying his theories. 

According to the political theories of Max Weber, a state could be said to succeed in it maintains a monopoly on the legitimate use of physical force within its borders. When this is broken (for instance, through the dominant presence of warlords, paramilitary groups, or terrorism), the very existence of the state becomes dubious, and the state becomes a failed state. 

Political scholar Queenie Hanlon says that states are of three categories-weak, failing, and failed. Hanlon says that half of this world is in the fragile category today and it is that which leads to instability conflict and war which provide conditions for terrorism, militias, and crime in the twenty-first century. Fund for Peace Fragile States Index underlines the democratic character of state institutions in order to determine its level of failure.



Kautilya's Arthashastra in 1948 War

An application of Kautilya's ideas in the 1948 Indo-Pak war explains the relevance of terrain, weather conditions, and strategy as important dimensions. In August 1947, British rule in India came to an end. The state of Jammu and Kashmir was not clear. In October 1947, Pakistan, through tribal Pathans, began to invade Kashmir. Sensing a security threat, Hari Singh, Maharaja of Kashmir, acceded to India by signing an Instrument of Accession. The conflict between India and Pakistan on Kashmir ended on 1 January 1949 with an agreed ceasefire. The ceasefire created a Pakistan Occupied Kashmir (POK) region. 

The Indian Army could have marched ahead in the POK zone to drive out Pakistan, but the hostile climate and Pakistani guerrilla tactics prevented India from taking these measures. Kautilya clarifies that a state should not go and fight in an area that has a territory that is ungovernable. The inhospitable terrain of POK and its hostile climate made India land up in a situation where it could not, finally, capture POK. The logistics kept India back while poor military infrastructure compounded upon it to complicate issues. 

The two concepts of Kautilya, Bhumisandhi (not entering in the territory which is ungovernable) and Vyasana (a state needs to take precautions and ensure logistics before the war), were both missing.

Kautilya's Arthashastra in 1962 War

In the case of the 1962 conflict with China, which ultimately concluded in a ceasefire in Arunachal, the Chinese had indeed reached the foothills but retreated because the people of Arunachal did not support China and from the Bhumisandhi point of view, China refrained from getting into the business of capturing land (Arunachal) which was deemed ungovernable.

Watch Kautilya Biography(studyiq)


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